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7 Conclusion ccRCC takes VHL/HIF inactivation as the molecular basis, forming a metabolic network characterised by enhanced sugar metabolism, lipid droplet/lipid remodelling, reprogramming of amino acid and one-carbon metabolism, and redox imbalance, and mutual traction with the immunosuppressive microenvironment, becoming a key driver of disease progression and treatment tolerance

Funding This work was supported by the Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project (No

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4f and Additional file 3:Figure S3B), demonstrating that NAC inhibited proliferation of GBM cells by altering the balance between p21 and CDK2/cyclin E via Notch2-depenent pathway