Since an IV dose is administered directly into the systemic circulation, it is assumed to have 100% bioavailability, or F = 1 and provide the reference standard for comparisons
GSSG: no longer provides antioxidant protection must be recycled back into GSH to be useful again reflects how much oxidative stress the body is under High levels of oxidized glutathione signal high internal stress , not high glow
Raefsky SM, Furman R, Milne G, Pollock E, Axelsen P, Mattson MP, et al
Studies show that the properties and components of tomatoes and tomato products offer numerous health benefits, including: anticancer properties contained in the properties of lycopene, as well as its beta-carotene, fiber, vitamin C, and ferulic acid content cardiovascular protection due to an association between tomatoes and a reduction in hypertension, inflammation, and the risk of atherosclerosis neurodegenerative disease protection from lycopene diabetes protection from carotenoids may help reduce the risk of insulin resistance and the development of diabetes healthy gut microbiome improved skin health, lycopene and other plant compounds may protect against sunburn improved immune response due to vitamin C content exercise recovery from antioxidants, such as vitamins, terpenoids, and phenolics, can inhibit oxidative stress Its worth noting that the majority of research into the health benefits of tomatoes has focused on the individual properties of lycopene
