Abbreviations 1RM: One-repetition maximum ACSM: American College of Sports Medicine AER: Adverse Event Reporting AMA: American Medical Association ARA: Arachidonic acid ATP: Adenosine 5 Triphosphate BCAA: Branched-chain amino acids cGMP: Good Manufacturing Practices CHO: Carbohydrate CLA: Conjugated linoleic acid CO2: Carbon dioxide COX: Cyclooxygenase DHA: Docosahexaenoic acid DHEA: Dehydroepiandrosterone DMAA: Dimethylamylamine DNA: Deoxyribonucleic acid DPG: Diphosphoglycerate DRI: Daily Reference Intake DSHEA: Dietary Supplement Health Education Act DXA: Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry EAA: Essential amino acids EPA: Eicosapantaenoic acid FDA: Food and Drug Administration FDCA: Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act FHA: Functional hypothalamic oligomenorrhea/amenorrhea FTC: Federal Trade Commission g: Grams g/hour: Grams per hour g/kg: Grams of a certain nutrient per kilogram (usually kilograms of body mass) g/kg/day: Grams of a certain nutrient per kilogram per day (usually per kilogram of body mass) GDF-8: Growth differentiation factor-8 GES: Glucose-electrolyte solutions GH: Growth hormone GHRP: Growth hormone releasing peptides GPC: Glycerophosphocholine GRAS: Generally Recognized as Safe HDL: High density lipoprotein HMB: -hydroxy- -methylbutyrate IGF-1: Insulin-line growth factor 1 ISSN: International Society of Sports Nutrition JISSN: Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition Kcals: Kilocalories Kcals/day: Kilocalories per day Kcals/kg/day: Kilocalories per kilogram per day (usually per kilogram of body mass) kg: Kilogram(s) L/hour: Liters per hour LBM: Lean body mass LEA: Low energy availability MCT: Medium-chain triglycerides Mg: Milligrams mL: Millilitres MLB: Major League Baseball mmol: Millimoles MPS: Muscle protein synthesis MRP: Meal replacement powders mTOR: Mammalian target of rapamycin NaPO 4 : Sodium phosphate NCAA: National Collegiate Athletic Association NDI: New Dietary Ingredient NFL: National Football League NHL: National Hockey League NHP: Natural Health Product NLEA: Nutrition Labeling and Education Act NOS: Nitric oxide synthase NSF: National Sanitation Foundation OKG: Ornithine alpha-ketoglutarate PA: Phosphatidic acid PDR: Physicians Desk Reference PGC-1-: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha PRO: Protein RDA: Recommended daily allowance RNA: Ribonucleic acid ROTC: Reserve Officers Training Corps RTD: Ready to drink U.S.: United States UC-II: Undenatured type II collagen VO 2 Max: Maximal volume of oxygen consumption ZMA: Zinc magnesium aspartate -KG: Alpha-ketoglutarate g/d: Micrograms per day References Kreider RB, Wilborn CD, Taylor L, Campbell B, Almada AL, Collins R, Cooke M, Earnest CP, Greenwood M, Kalman DS, Kerksick CM, Kleiner SM, Leutholtz B, Lopez H, Lowery LM, Mendel R, Smith A, Spano M, Wildman R, Willoughby DS, Ziegenfuss TN, Antonio J
CeO2@NC nanozyme with robust dephosphorylation ability of phosphotriester: A simple colorimetric assay for rapid and selective detection of paraoxon
They actively supinate against the examiners resistance Differential Diagnoses The main differential diagnoses* to consider in a patient with suspected biceps tendinopathy include inflammatory arthropathy, radiculopathy, osteoarthritis, or rotator cuff disease (for proximal tendon involvement) *Biceps tendinopathy is rarely an isolated pathology and often the differentials may be co-existing, hence the need for thorough history and examination Investigations The diagnosis of bicep tendinopathy is largely clinical , with further investigations reserved for cases where there is diagnostic uncertainty
C., Trollor J
