contraindications of l-carnitine Compounded Carnitine (L) Injection PROTOCOL FOR LIFE BALANCE Acetyl-

Studies in mice revealed that dietary supplementation with TMAO, choline, or carnitine decreased reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) (Janeiro et al., 2018), a mechanism that counteracts excess cholesterol deposition in peripheral tissues by transporting excess cholesterol to the liver and small intestine (Ross and Glomset, 1973).The major pathway for cholesterol elimination is the metabolic synthesis of bile acids in the liver (Zarate et al., 2016), and it was reported that the size of the total bile acid pool was significantly smaller in mice administered TMAO (Koeth et al., 2013)

Overall, MNPs can cause damage to the digestive system by activating NF-kB and TLR molecular pathways, inducing inflammation, oxidative stress and compromising the intestinal barrier by reducing tight junction proteins, promoting dysbiosis and chronic diseases

Thus, DPDP increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes, including GPX, enhancing the efficiency of ROS elimination by the host, and consequently inhibiting disease progression (Hassan et al., 2013) ( Supplementary Table S3 )

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