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437 A pragmatic, open-label trial revealed that PD patients randomly assigned to initial treatment with levodopa experienced small but permanent benefits after 7 years compared with patients treated with MAO-B inhibitors or dopamine agonists, which was specifically shown by a 1.8-point improvement (95% CI, 0.53.0

The metabolic byproduct phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) can act as an antioxidant to prevent ROS-mediated cell apoptosis (180)

The SARS-CoV-2 protein ORF3a inhibits fusion of autophagosomes with lysosomes

Nrf2, the master regulator of antioxidant response, showed approximately 70% decreased expression and activity in CF cells compared to normal controls (Chen et al., 2008)