glutathione reductase removal of reactive oxygen Primary ROS-eliminating system in the liver. NADPH-dependent production Potential mechanisms for glutathione cytoprotection. – Reactive oxygen species clearance |

In the sections that follow, we build on this conceptual framework to examine how major proteostasis machineries contribute to cellular and organ-level resilience and how their failure drives pathology across cardiovascular, cancer, metabolic, neurodegenerative and autoimmune disorders and highlight therapeutic strategies aimed at reinforcing proteostasis resilience

For example, studies involving the cryopreservation of ram semen have revealed that freezing leads to the opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP), resulting in increased permeability of the inner mitochondrial membrane, which leads to an elevation in calcium (Ca2+) and ROS release ( in vitro fertilization and artificial insemination ( 4.4 Antioxidant therapy Antioxidant therapy is considered one of the crucial strategies for improving sperm quality ( 5 Conclusion To sum up, this study is the first to systematically analyze the studies on oxidative stress and male fertility in the past 10 years using bibliometrics, and successfully establish a knowledge map in this field

5.1 Polyphenols Polyphenolic compounds are secondary metabolites produced by plant tissues, which are widely present in plant foods and can be obtained from various fruits, vegetables, teas, coffee, alcoholic beverages, and whole wheat foods

The Drug and Therapeutics Bulletin 2023 review and a 2024 paper in Healthcare both make this point