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The peptide operates through several identified mechanisms including upregulation of growth hormone receptors, activation of the FAK-paxillin pathway essential for cell migration, promotion of angiogenesis through VEGF modulation, and interaction with the nitric oxide system

Following up on their discovery, this same group of researchers tested the effects of 9-me-BC in vivo, by administering the drug intraperitoneally to rats for either 5 or 10 days, and testing their performance in the well-known spatial learning task, the radial arm maze

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Clinical formulations typically incorporate appropriate antioxidant buffers or maintain GHK-Cu concentrations within therapeutic windows (0.1-10 M) to optimize beneficial effects while minimizing pro-oxidant risks