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Strengths and limitations This study had many strengths, a nationally representative US sample, choice of a well-validated measure of global health that includes a physical and mental component 17,35 , testing of the associations between a novel smoking-descriptor (childhood smoking) and poor HRQOL, adjustment for many other aspects of cigarette smoking that also independently relate to HRQOL, and a sensitivity analysis that appropriately considers smoking-related disease measures as mediators rather than independent risk factors

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People with depression and anxiety are more heavily addicted, suffer from worse withdrawal (Royal College of Physicians Reference Rabin, Ashare and Schnoll2013) and find it harder to quit (odds ratio 0.81, 95% CI 0.670.97) (Hitsman Reference Hitsman, Papandonatos and McChargue2013)

Oulipo, Paris 1990