Phagocytosis of A and secretion of A-degrading enzymes by astrocytes near A plaques (Yamaguchi et al., 1998
or in patients with chronic bronchitis where treatment periods were lengthy (1224 weeks) at doses of 400600 mg/day where NAC reduced the risk of exacerbations and improves symptoms in patients with chronic bronchitis compared with placebo (11 trials, 2,011 participants).(7) Clinical trial evidence for the use of NAC as an antioxidant in influenza and other acute viral respiratory tract infections is limited and relate to isolated small clinical trials
HUVECs: Human umbilical vein endothelial cells ICAM-1: Intercellular adhesion molecule 1 IFN-: Interferon gamma IL: Interleukin JNK: C-Jun N-terminal kinase LAB: Lactic acid bacteria LDL: Low-density lipoprotein MAPK: Mitogen-activated protein kinase MBC: Minimum bactericidal concentration MCP-1: Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 MIC: Minimum inhibitory concentration NAFLD: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease NF-b: Nuclear factor kappa B NO: Nitric oxide ox-LDL: Oxidized low-density lipoprotein PRISMA: Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses ROS: Reactive oxygen species SHR: Spontaneously hypertensive rats TNF-: Tumour necrosis factor alpha VCAM-1: Vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 References AbMajid, N
Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 20(1):7277 Ogawa D, Asanuma M, Miyazaki I, Tachibana H, Wada J, Sogawa N, Sugaya T, Kitamura S, Maeshima Y, Shikata K (2011) High glucose increases metallothionein expression in renal proximal tubular epithelial cells
