glutathione binds to reactive oxygen High levels simultaneously neutralize Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species generation

& Morgan, B.A

For example, the endoplasmatic reticulum has a more oxidizing environment (E GSSG/2GSH = 180 mV) with respect to the cytosol (E GSSG/2GSH = 232 mV) in order to support and ensure proper protein folding and formation of necessary disulfide bridges [108,157]

Secondly, the specificity and sensitivity of such kits, may vary depending on the matrix (e.g., plasma, serum, urine) and require careful sample preparation to avoid pre-analytical variability

Consequently, the interplay between inflammation and immune evasion becomes self-reinforcing as toxins sustain inflammatory stimuli that facilitate oncogenic mutations [100,101], while immune escape mechanisms allow emerging tumor cells to persist and expand unchecked [102,103]