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Are e cigarettes less harmful than traditional cigarettes for male fertility in the context of IVF? Semen Quality Measures in Hookah and Cigarette Smokers Compared to Nonsmokers Hamadneh 2025 The Scientific World Journal Wiley Online Library A 2016 meta analysis evaluating the impact of cigarette smoking on semen quality demonstrated a clear negative effect of tobacco exposure on male fertility. Synthesizing results from 20 studies and 5,865 men, the Does Smoking Reduce Sperm Count? Effects on Male Fertility Crysta IVF
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